What role does written consent play when conflicts of interest are identified?

• A. Written authorization is never required for conflicts.
• B. Written notification alone is sufficient without consent.
• C. Written consent should be obtained if necessary as part of disclosing conflicts.
• D. Conflicts should only be discussed verbally.

Answer: (C)

When a conflict of interest is identified, manage it with clear, documented steps. Written consent becomes important when the policy or the specific situation requires formal authorization to proceed after disclosure. It ensures everyone involved understands the nature of the conflict, the potential impact, and the agreed-upon way to handle it—such as recusal from certain decisions, independent review, or other mitigation measures. Having written consent creates a durable record that supports accountability and protects both the individual and the organization from later disputes. Merely notifying or discussing the conflict verbally without a documented agreement can leave gaps in accountability, so written consent is used when necessary as part of disclosing conflicts.